Hybridisation in Five Simple Steps

Finding Hybridisation of compound is a basic and very important concept in chemistry. Many students face problems with finding the hybridization of given atom (usually the central one) in a compound and the shape of molecule. Nevertheless, it is very easy to determine the state of hybridization and geometry if we know the number of Bond Pairs and Lone Pairs of the given atom. In this post, I am going to explain you how to determine them in 5 easy steps.

  Steps are as follow:

            Step 1.              Calculate and Add the Valence Electrons of all the atoms in a molecule.

Step 2.               If molecule is anionic (contains –ve charge) then add the number of negative charges to the number of valence electrons. If molecule is cationic (contains +ve charge) then subtract the number of positive charges from number of valence electrons.

Step 3.               If total number of valence electrons (calculated in step 2) is more than 8, divide it by 8 and If total number of valence electrons is less than 8, divide it by 2.

Step 4.               When dividing by 8, if there is remainder then divide it further by 2 and add the results obtained in step 3 and step 4

[NOTE: when dividing valence electron by 8, we will firstly get Number of Bond Pair electrons, if remainder is obtained and is further divided with 2, then we will get Number of Lone Pair electrons]

Step 5.               Match the answer from table below:

 [NOTE: this trick do not work for odd electron molecules(which are very few)]

You Might also like: Diels-Alder reaction (Summerised Notes)

Geometry of molecules looks like below:

Questions Asked in CSIR-NET and Other Examinations:

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